E-commerce, or electronic commerce, refers to the buying and selling of products and services through the internet. It allows businesses and customers to conduct transactions online using websites, mobile applications, and digital payment systems. E-commerce has transformed the way people shop by providing convenience, speed, and access to products from anywhere in the world.

There are different types of e-commerce, including Business-to-Consumer (B2C), where businesses sell directly to customers, Business-to-Business (B2B), where companies sell to other businesses, Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C), and Consumer-to-Business (C2B). Popular online stores offer products ranging from clothing and electronics to groceries and digital services.

E-commerce platforms provide features such as product catalogs, shopping carts, secure payment gateways, order tracking, and customer support. Businesses use digital marketing strategies, including search engine optimization, social media marketing, and email marketing, to attract and retain customers.

The growth of smartphones, internet access, and digital payment methods has significantly increased the popularity of e-commerce. It helps businesses reach a global audience while reducing operational costs. For consumers, e-commerce offers convenience, variety, competitive pricing, and the ability to shop anytime and anywhere, making it an essential part of modern business and daily life.